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英語寫作中如何清晰地表達自己的觀點
寫英語作文的前提還是多讀�？吹枚鄬W得多了，自然就會有話可說。同時英語寫作中如何清晰地表達自己的觀點呢？下面是小編分享的方法，一起來看一下吧。
Introduction引言
引言是文章的第一段，引言中應該完成一些具體的目標。
1. Capture the reader's interest.引起讀者的興趣
用一種有趣的敘述來開始你的文章是一個好想法，這樣可以引起讀者的興趣。
避免用一些無趣平淡的句子開頭，例如：“這篇文章我將論述為什么羅莎·帕克斯是一位偉大的人物”。取而代之，嘗試一些令人驚訝的方式，比如：“密歇根博物館最近以492000美元的價格收購了一輛蒙哥馬利,阿拉巴馬州的老舊公共汽車”。第二個句子聽起來非常有趣，不是嗎？它可以激勵讀者繼續(xù)閱讀。
2. Introduce the topic.引出話題
接下來的幾個句子應該闡釋你的第一個論述，為讀者閱讀主題句做鋪墊�！罢沁@輛黃色的公共汽車引發(fā)了全民運動，當時一名年輕的女性名為羅莎·帕克斯……”
3. Make a claim or express your opinion in a thesis sentence.提出主題或者在主題句中表達自己的觀點
在引言的結尾部分，你應該提出強有力的主題陳述。主題句應該提出具體的推斷和明確的觀點、
“在拒絕讓出自己的座位給一個白人時，羅莎·帕克斯激發(fā)了一場勇敢的自由運動。”
Your instructor will be looking for the specific elements above when reviewing your introductory paragraph, so be sure to review your first paragraph to make sure it meets these three goals.
Body正文
這文一般包括三個段落（適用于五段式文章），每一段都具體論述一條觀點用于支撐主題。你應該陳述你的觀點，之后用兩三句話或舉例來支撐。
主題句舉例：
“在1955年阿拉巴馬州，對于一個非裔美國婦女，做出這樣一個大膽的行為需要很大的勇氣”。
為主題句提供論據：
“在當時的情況下,非洲裔美國人可能會因為最微不足道的挑釁行為而被逮捕甚至可能面臨嚴重的懲罰”。
使用更多論據作為支撐語句，之后使用過渡詞引出后面的段落。所有你的正文將會遵循一定的模式：論點、論據和過渡句、
常使用的段落過渡詞：
Moreover 此外
in fact 實際上
on the whole 整體而言
Furthermore 此外
as a result 作為結果
simply put 簡而言之
for this reason 由于這種原因
Similarly 相似地
Likewise 同樣的
it follows that 由此斷定
Naturally 自然而然地
by comparison 通過對比
Surely 不置可否地
Yet 然而
Conclusion結論
最后一段話將總結你的主要觀點并且強調你要求（也來源于你的主題句）。這將指出你的主要論點，但不要重復寫具體的例子。
一旦你完成文章的草稿。再次閱讀文章第一段的的主題句是一個不錯的選擇。閱讀你的文章，看一看是否很好地契合主題。
你可能發(fā)現(xiàn)支撐段落內容較多，但是它們并沒有很好地契合主題。重寫你的主題句或者修改你的正文和總結使他們更為精確。
這樣做，你可以確保文章的每一句話都支撐，論證或表現(xiàn)出文章主題。
英語寫作佳句
1. Chances are that man will eventually land on Mars .
人類有可能最終登陸火星。
2. The likelihood for peace in the Middle East remains questionable .
中東和平的可能性仍讓人懷疑。
3. The necessity for nuclear nonproliferation seems clear .
防止核擴散的必要性似乎清清楚楚。
4. It is perhaps more accurate to consider the family as a blanket of security , rather than a cloak of bondage .
把家庭看作保護安全的毯子可能比把它看做束縛的斗篷更確切。
5. While generalizations are dangerous , it is quite safe to present solid evidence .
抽象概括是危險的,但是,提供確鑿的證據是萬無一失的。
6. It seems almost certain that China will achieve this years economic growth targets .
中國將完成今年經濟增長的目標似乎是毫無疑問的。
7. Reaching this years growth targets is almost a certainty .
達到今年的增長目標幾乎是必然的。
8. The urgency of the situation makes it necessary to reiterate the monumental problems of population growth .
情況的緊迫性使我們有必要重申人口增長的重大問題。
英語寫作應急策略
在四六級寫作中，同學們往往會出現(xiàn)提筆忘詞的現(xiàn)象。本來很好的構思往往被一個想不起來的單詞硬生生地破壞了。如何應付這種情況使我們的寫作思路如行云流水一般順暢呢?下面三種簡便易行的應急措施可能會對你有所幫助。
一、換用籠統(tǒng)詞
詞大體可分為兩類：籠統(tǒng)詞和具體詞。籠統(tǒng)詞的特點在于意義廣泛、搭配性強。雖然它們獨自不能精確表達一個動作，但在構成詞組以后可替代很多具體詞。寫作中遇到一些具體詞寫不出來的時候，用籠統(tǒng)詞取代，能收到異曲同工之妙。最常用的籠統(tǒng)詞有have，take等。
例：邁克經歷了一個極其艱苦的時代。Mike experienced a terrible hard time.寫作時，若忘記了experience可用籠統(tǒng)詞have代替，寫成Mike had a terrible hard time.同樣能收到預期效果。這樣的例子還很多。如：
Do you understand my meaning, sir? = Do you take my meaning, sir?
I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.
I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.
They occupied the city. = They took the city.
The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.
從以上的例句不難看出，具體詞音節(jié)較多，使用頻率不高，容易遺忘，而籠統(tǒng)詞則不然。因此，在作文應試中，籠統(tǒng)詞取代具體詞，不失為一種應急良策。
二、換用同義詞、反義詞等相關詞匯
遇到未曾學過的詞或一時想不起的詞時，可采用發(fā)散性思維，發(fā)揮想象力，盡可能想出與之有關的同義詞、反義詞，利用語言的內在聯(lián)系、多層次、多角度地運用語言，使單詞受阻現(xiàn)象得以解決。
例：昨晚李雷做了一場惡夢。
Li Lei had a nightmare last night.因nightmare使用率不高，不易記住。但其同義詞bad dream易記。上句可換譯為：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.
再如：The food is tasty.=The food is nice toeat.=The food is delicious.
We discontinued the work at nine.=We stopped the work at nine.
This woman is talkative.=This woman is never quiet.
This car is expensive.=This car is not cheap.
另外：
He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.
The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.
They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.
His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.
英語語言中詞與詞之間是有聯(lián)系的，詞與詞之間語義的“共核”現(xiàn)象即所謂的同義詞。豐富的同義詞給我們提供了極大的方便。
同樣，用其反義詞來取代某一遺忘了的詞也是可行的，請看下面的例子：
He is stubborn. = He is not tame.
The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.
This is expensive. = This is not cheap.
She is talkative. = She is never quiet.
三、換用迂回表達
當一個詞或某些信息表達起來有困難時，要充分利用語言本身詞匯豐富、句型多變等特點，進行迂回表達。因為任何一種表達形式，只要能達意便可接受。英語當中多功能解釋性語句，就可以起到這一作用。請看下面的句子：
例：1、我從未見到過這樣頑固的人。
I've never seen such a stubborn person.=I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.
2、如果我們想得到文憑，我們必須首先通過考試。
If we want to obtain a diploma，we must first pass the exams.=If we want to get a graduation paper，we must first pass the exams.
3、工廠里的煙囪(chimney)拔地而起。
High chimneys have appeared in the factories.=The factories are full of high chimneys.=A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.
4、他數學考試取得優(yōu)異成績，被大學錄取了。
He passed the maths exam /succeeded in the maths exam and became a college student.
5、中午我們吃了野餐。
At noon we had a picnic.=At noon we had our lunch in the open air.
解釋性語句能幫助我們巧妙地避開一些大詞，難詞，又能使意思表達流暢，不失為一聰明之舉。比較下面兩篇文章：
�。ㄒ唬�
Examination is a common headache to students all over the world. They all detest is, but all being domineered by it. It represents a trial; the grade its verdict.
Nowadays, examination has become a popular form of testing. It almost can dominate one‘s future. I am not exaggerating; for you all know it is true. If we want to obtain a diploma, we must first pass the exams. If we do not have a diploma, we may not find a job easily. That is the reason why all students are nervous and pale when they are sitting for an important examination which may concern their future.
But as long as examination is on its peak of power, we must be philosophical of it. Do not always think of the harm that it brings, but think of the good it may do to us. If we do not have exams, we may indulge ourselves in other things instead of books. Exams have to always drive us on. What is wrong for learning more and thoroughly?
（二）
Examination is a common headache to students all over the world. They all dislike it (hate it), but all being ruled by it. It is a trial; the grade its decision.
Nowadays, examination has become a popular form of testing. It almost can control one‘s future. I am telling the truth, for you all know it is true. If we want to get a graduation paper, we may not find a job easily. That is the reason why all students are nervous and pale when they are sitting for an important examination which may have something to do with their future.
But as long as examination is on its highest point of power, we must have a calm attitude to it. Do not always think of the harm that it brings, but think of the good it may do to us. If we do not have exams, we may spend our time on other things instead of books. Exams have to always drive us on. What is wrong for learning more and deeply?
比較兩篇文章，第一篇短小精干，用詞準確，不失為一篇優(yōu)秀作文。而第二篇全篇采用最普通的詞匯，意思同樣清楚，也不失得體，流暢。
四六級作文只要層次清晰，語法正確就能拿到較好的分數。所以同學們如果過于糾結于用一些自己難于掌握的大詞和難詞，往往花了時間，還得不到應有的效果。我們應該靈活地使用一些簡單易掌握的表達方式傳達我們豐富多彩的內容，以便最大限度地發(fā)揮我們的英語水平。希望同學們放送心態(tài)，掌握技巧，穩(wěn)拿寫作高分!
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